How to Treat Anuria
Anuria is a disorder that occurs in the kidneys that can cause the body to be unable to produce urine. A person can be said to have anuria if he has not urinated within the last 12 hours. Anuria is one of the serious health problems that must be treated immediately. Then how to treat anuria? Before discussing further, we also need to know what the causes are, so that we can avoid Anuria.
Healthy kidneys are generally able to work normally and produce about 1 to 2 liters of urine each day. Urine contains metabolic wastes and excess fluid in the body that must be expelled.
If the body cannot excrete urine, then these substances and fluids will accumulate and cause various health problems.
Causes of Anuria
Anuria or a condition of the body's inability to produce urine can be caused by several medical conditions or diseases, such as:
1. Urinary retention
Urinary retention is a condition of disorders of the bladder that cause a person to have difficulty when removing urine. There are several factors that cause urinary retention, including infections of the ducts or bladder, blockages in the urinary tract due to enlarged prostate or bladder stones, nervous or muscle disorders that regulate the process of urinating, and side effects of taking certain medicines.
2. Kidney stones
Kidney stones are a condition of the accumulation or deposition of mineral substances in the urine, thus forming stones. The formation of kidney stones can cause a blockage in the urinary tract or bladder so that it blocks the release of urine.
3. Chronic kidney disease
Chronic kidney disease is a condition characterized by a gradual decline in kidney function. If chronic kidney disease gets worse, then kidney failure can occur that causes a buildup of fluids, electrolytes, and metabolic waste substances in the body.
4. Kidney failure
Kidney failure is a condition when the kidneys cannot function, so they cannot produce urine. Kidney failure can occur slowly or gradually, causing long-term kidney damage (chronic kidney failure) and can also occur suddenly (acute kidney failure).
5. Kidney tumors
Tumor or kidney cancer is a condition that can interfere with kidney function in producing urine. In addition, tumors that grow in the kidneys can also inhibit and suppress the channel where urine comes out. This condition can make kidney tumors cause anuria.
6. High blood pressure
Kidneys are organs of the body surrounded by many blood vessels. If a person often has high blood pressure (hypertension), over time the blood vessels around the kidneys will weaken, narrow, or harden. As a result, these damaged blood vessels cannot provide enough blood to the kidney tissue, so the kidneys will lose their function and cannot produce urine.
7. Diabetes
If diabetes is left untreated, then over time the condition can cause blood vessels in the kidneys to become damaged. This is what can interfere with blood flow in the kidneys, so that the kidneys are not able to produce urine properly. The condition of diabetes that is not controlled and has caused complications of kidney damage is referred to as diabetic nephropathy.
Also read about: How to Treat Diabetic Nephropathy
How to Treat Anuria
Anuria can be caused by a variety of certain medical conditions. Therefore, the condition needs to be diagnosed first by a doctor in order to be treated appropriately.
To diagnose and determine the cause of anuria, the doctor may perform a physical examination as well as supporting examinations, such as urine tests, blood tests, kidney biopsies, and radiological examinations, such as X-rays, ultrasound, pyelography, and MRI or CT scans of the kidneys.
After knowing the cause of anuria experienced by the patient, the doctor can provide treatment or treatment to treat anuria by:
1. Giving medicine
The administration of medicines can be adjusted according to the cause of the anuria. For example, to treat anuria caused by hypertension and diabetes, doctors may prescribe certain medications to reduce blood pressure and blood sugar levels so as to keep them stable.
2. Urinary catheter insertion
To treat anuria caused by a blockage or disturbance in the urine disposal process, for example due to urinary retention, it can be overcome by inserting a urinary catheter. After the urinary catheter is installed, the urine flow from the patient's body can come out automatically.
3. Dialysis
Anuria often occurs in people with severe kidney disease or kidney failure. Therefore, to replace kidney function that has been damaged, the doctor may be able to perform a dialysis procedure to remove fluids and metabolic waste substances from the body.
4. Surgery
Doctors may be able to perform surgery to treat anuria caused by tumors or kidney stones. In addition, doctors can also perform ESWL (extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy) to break up or destroy kidney stones that block the urinary tract.
In the case of anuria due to end-stage kidney failure, when the kidney condition is permanently damaged and no longer functioning, maybe the doctor may suggest undergoing a kidney transplant to restore kidney function. Meanwhile, if there is a tumor in the kidney, in addition to undergoing surgery, the doctor may recommend chemotherapy or radiation therapy. However, it depends on the type and size of the tumor.
How to Prevent Anuria
How to prevent anuria is to maintain kidney health by living a healthy lifestyle such as consuming nutritious foods, drinking lots of water, exercising regularly, limiting excessive sugar and salt consumption, and avoiding the habit of frequently holding back urination.
Anuria is a health problem that should not be taken lightly. Therefore, if you experience anuria, then immediately consult a doctor to get the right treatment. Thus an explanation of how to treat anuria may be useful.
